Christmas in Moscow looks different from what most Western visitors expect. The moscow christmas celebration is held on 7 January, following the Orthodox calendar, and it comes after the biggest party of the season, New Year. Here is a guide to the traditions, food and atmosphere. Travel conditions and advice can change, so check official government guidance before planning anything.
Why 7 January?
The Russian Orthodox Church uses the Julian calendar for church feasts, which runs several days behind the Gregorian calendar used for civil dates. That’s why Christmas falls on 7 January. The day is an official public holiday in Russia.
Christmas Eve
On 6 January, many families keep a strict fast until the first star appears in the evening. The traditional meal on Christmas Eve is meatless and often includes a grain dish called sochivo, made with wheat or rice, honey and dried fruit. Families gather, and some attend an evening service.
Church services
Orthodox services are long, beautiful and full of candles and chant. The main Christmas night liturgy is held in many churches, including the large Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow. Visitors are welcome to observe respectfully, usually standing, with women covering their heads in some churches. Check dress and behaviour customs beforehand.
New Year versus Christmas
In Russia, New Year is the main gift-giving, party-and-feast holiday, with the tree and Ded Moroz. Christmas on 7 January is more religious and family-focused. You can read about the secular celebration in our German article on Silvester in Russland.
Food
- Kutya, a sweet grain dish with honey and poppy seeds
- Pies and pastries after the fast
- Roast poultry or pork for the Christmas Day meal
- Warm drinks, such as tea and mulled wine
- Sweets and gingerbread
Moscow in winter
The city is dressed with lights, big trees and markets through early January. Ice rinks pop up in parks, and the cold can be sharp, so dress warmly in layers. Daylight is short, so plan indoor stops in museums and cafés.
Tips for readers interested in the culture
Learning the alphabet will help you read signs and menus. See our guide to learn the Cyrillic alphabet. If you’re curious about winter markets elsewhere, our German post about the Maastricht Weihnachtsmarkt offers a comparison.
Summary
Christmas in Moscow is quieter than the New Year parties but rich in tradition. For background see Christmas in Russia on Wikipedia. More guides at invisionfree.com.
